INNOVATION TRENDS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS THERAPY DEVELOPMENT: MOLECULAR APPROACHES, IMMUNOTHERAPY, AND DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Riska Shalu Herawati; Nisrina Kamilia; Shinta Shilkiaturrahma

doi:10.61796/ijmi.v2i2.300

Authors

Riska Shalu Herawati Faculty of Pharmacy, Bhakti Kencana University, Bandung, Indonesia
Nisrina Kamilia
[email protected]
Faculty of Pharmacy, Bhakti Kencana University, Bandung, Indonesia
Shinta Shilkiaturrahma Faculty of Pharmacy, Bhakti Kencana University, Bandung, Indonesia

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): International Journal Multidisciplinary

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February 22, 2025

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Objective: This study explores the latest advancements in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy, focusing on molecular approaches, immunotherapy, and drug delivery systems to enhance therapeutic efficacy and personalization. Method: A systematic review of scientific literature and bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify molecular subgroups of RA and assess the effectiveness of innovative drug delivery systems, including pH-sensitive hydrogels and transfersomal formulations. Comparative studies between rituximab and tocilizumab were also analyzed, particularly in anti-TNF refractory patients. Results: The findings reveal three molecular subgroups of RA based on transcriptomic profiles, enabling more personalized therapeutic strategies. Advanced drug delivery systems demonstrated a 45% improvement in bioavailability compared to conventional oral formulations. Tocilizumab showed higher efficacy than rituximab in patients with low B-cell expression. However, immunogenicity challenges, with anti-drug antibodies reducing therapeutic efficacy by 40-60%, remain significant. Additionally, non-pharmacological therapies, such as acupuncture, reduced systemic complications, including dementia, by 22%. Novelty: This study highlights the importance of personalized RA treatment based on molecular profiling and introduces innovative drug delivery systems, marking a pivotal shift toward more effective and individualized therapeutic strategies. Future research should focus on more precise biomarker identification and tailored therapeutic approaches for distinct molecular subgroups.

Shalu Herawati, R., Nisrina Kamilia, & Shilkiaturrahma, S. (2025). INNOVATION TRENDS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS THERAPY DEVELOPMENT: MOLECULAR APPROACHES, IMMUNOTHERAPY, AND DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS. International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI), 2(2), 180–186. https://doi.org/10.61796/ijmi.v2i2.300

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